Turbine.



A. JUDE & R. K2 MORCOM.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION 211.1111 MAY 1o, 1go?.

ls SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W1 fA/E 555s M /w @f w A. JUDE an R. K. MORGOM,

TURBINB.. l APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1907.

Patented Got. 13, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

/NVEA/ 7.025

MM. M @a :ff Anna* rre.

. ALEXANDER .rUDE AND REGINALD KEBLE MoscoM, or BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, AssIeNoRs 'ro sELLrss a MoacoM LIMITED, or BIRMINGHAM,

ENGLAND.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented 0011. 13, 1908.

Appleman met nay 1o, 19er. serial No. evasive..

, Wick, England, have invented newand useconstruction oi empio ful improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to im rovements in ithe construction 4of lguide-blades and vanes for turbine motors and to means for assem! bling and securing them to the stators and rotors respectively. l

he principle oi connection involves the ment of a, groove with undercut sides forme in the stator or rotor, or attachments forming portions thereof, and such a form of theA shanks of the guideblades or venes which are inserted in the groove, and of distance pieces, that after as sembling them on a Stringer. device, which may be a wire or rod on which 'or aperforated stri through which they arethreaded, and on lorcing the assembled elements into the groove they are distorted to occu y the underlying space of the groove and thus becorne secured therein.

In the accom anying drawings are shown examples of iride-blades or vanes secured or in course of eing secured according to the present invention.

ln these drawings :-Figures 1-6 show one method oi securing :-Fig. 1, being a section side elevation, Figs. 2 and 3 transverse sections, Fig. 4 a longitudinal section, and Figs. 5 and 6 transverse sections. Figs. 7-1() show another method :-Fig. 7 being a longitudinal section, and Figs. S-l() transverse sections. Figs. 11-14 show aifurther methodakFig. 11 being a longitudinalJ section, and Figs. 12-14 transverse sections. Fig. 15 shows a further modification. Figs. 16 and 17 are transverse sections showing another method. Figs. 18--223 show a still further methodr--Figs 18-`2l being transverse sections, and Fig. 22 a longitudinal sectionfl 1 vation oia detail. Figs. 24;-28 show a furn ther method r-Fi 24 being a front elevation of a guide-blade or vane, Fig. 25 vatrans-r verse section of a Stringer, Fig. 26 a `plan thereof, Fig. 27 a transversesection of the assemb ed elements, and Fig. 28 asectional plan thereof. Figs. 29432 show another method :-Figs. 29 and 30 being transverse sections, Fig. 3l a vertical section of a guidevB I d which, in Fig. A are shownin the crushed condition d* with Fig. 23 is aside eleundercut recesses b2 may be su ported b blade or vane, andi-Fig. 32 a plan of a Stringer. Fig. 33 is a transverse section showing an alternative method. Figs. 3ft-37 show a still furtheralternative method Fig. 34 being a longitudinal section, Fig. 35 a plan, and Figs. 36 and 37 transverse sections. l

According to Figs. 1 to 3 a is a guide-blade or vane, the shank al of which is inserted in thegroove preparatory to effecting the securinr operation. a? is bored'and in the s1 undercut recesses t1 b1 are formed. jectingl the blade or vane to a crushing force the com aratively weak sides of thehole a2 es of the groove b will yiel by bulging outwards and fllling the recesses t1 b1, the vert1cal dimension o tho llhrough the shank a hole On subhole ag'being reduced, as shown in Fig. 3. A A

, wire Stringer c is threaded through the holes (L2 to connect together the adjacent blades and vanes. The or vanes may be occupied by distance ieces formed with a perforated section like t at of the shank above described. By forming the blades or vanes with a foot a3 made intespaces between the blades grally with the shank by bending, as shown in Figs. 443, the insertionof distance pieces d which, on being crushed, take the modified form d1, the bla es or vanes will be directly retained by the distance pieces. if the hole in the shank of the blade or vane be crushed. aswell as the hole in the distance' iece, thc hold fast will be du" artly to the istortion ofthe shank and parily to the distorted dis;

tance piece which is above the foot a and which is also connected to the shank by the Stringer c.

ln Figs. 7-10 is shown a Inodication in which a Stringer rod c is likewise threaded through the holes a2 formed in the Shanks of the blades or varies, the retention however being ellected by bifurcatcd distance 'ieccs 0v and on thel right in 1 ig. 7

y means of the stringer immersed in the lade or vane and thusof the groove 7J. lThe rma groove the guide-blades and varies will be secured to one another :is well :is to the stator end rotor refsper'itively `end thus s continuity of connection will be provided in addition to that derived 'from the shrouding-pieoe which is secured to the lugs of (Figs. l-) by rivet ing` in the known manner.

Fig. i5 shows e -further v :triatlon in ineens 'for securing guil'le-olades und vnnes formed with it foot a3. Yin this igure the groove is inode wide enough to receive, on one side ol" the Auide-blade or vene, :i block. d bored like Ythe distance piece d. shown in Fig. 5, the sides ot tho groove )eing recessed as in 5. lzetween consecutive blades or venes and over the feet thereof', blocks are inserted, having grooves formed in their sides, :ind when the side bloelis sire crushed as shown :it d1 in Fig. i5, the blades or venes will be seeln'ed ehieliy through the medium of the blocks e but partially by the distorted portion of the blocks d* entering the notohes formed in the edges of 'the Shanks oi the guide-blades :ind vaines. On the other side. ol' the guidedilztde or vane, s, Stringer l: is employed, the stringer being hall' immersed in :i 'side recess oi the ringr groove n-nd hall in the notehe-s formed in the shrinks und intermediate retaining bl ooks e.

Figs. l0 und i7' show how blades :ind venes. the edges of the shrinks olI which :ire notehed, een be secured h5' means of side stringers sind distzinee pieces ot I seetion. Fig'. lli shows the vane l'. the two stringers e c und lhe block (Z assembled within n. groove, provided with e. secondary l'roore b" formed in elieh ol' its sides, prepln'zugory to performing the crushing operlrlion on the disto-nee piece. Fig. 'i7 shows thoell'eel ot the l'iperalil'm. 'By applying n. erushine' torce lo the head ol' the distance piece, the stalkwill be shortened and hulg'ed laterally enusilug'lho stringers l' e to he thrust pnrtinlly into the grooves lr' b a. portion oi the stringers being slill retained in the notehes oi the sl'ninks :rnd the distance piece.

Figs. 'lSflffi show n development of the use, ot the string'er wherein it elulsed to serve the purpose ol determining' the piteh oi" the blades or venes as well asn spreader 'for the distance pieces, .in these figures the shrink of the binde or .une is perforated with sin elongated hole el ndirpted lor the insel'n tion of :L Stringer 1' of like section .in the under side ot which uniformly spzieed. notches C are. provided (Fig. 23).

Fig'. il) which is :1r soetion along the lli-lt? ol' Fig. 22 sho fs the shank and Stringer assembled, and .Fi .0 whieh is n. seetion along; 2li-20 of FL'. shows the bifurefited distance pieces inserted also.

i. 2l shows the fastening in the elenehed position.

Sonie of the succeeding figures show elnother kind orn Stringer wliieh is itself penelinel l l l l l l l l @sense tinted by tlsy shrinks oi'l the guide-Nudes n nd vaines instead oi' these hitter being peur-- tre-ted by the stringer.

ln Figs. 24%21'5 which represent the application of the device to i'e-li.eti.on mures, li Stringer strip e having fr .,oove lilon its underside, :is shown in seetion in e '.i, is notched on side es shown in g1 2li. By such menus :t plurslit)T ol shorll legs e? will be termed which, by ineens ol" .i` srilrender represented h3' the rods o in 'Fig-1j. 1h, rire. :ulspted to be distorted into the :indereut sidlis ol' the groove o und he. olenehed tl erein. The vaine (L hills deep shilwiu.' ont in its shrink rdierldn` :i proh l hll'lu'esllon is l provided. the. legs of' of ol whieh :are :ldnjted to be inserted wilhin the sido notches oi` l". :ind stand oslride the strip. The 'miles :md the strip :il-e. silnulluneollsly toreed into the lnnlereut ,groovey und elenehed therein :is shown in hie'. l)7.

ln Figs. 22) 9:3 :t slrineger strip e ol" iuveried r'hnnnel section :1nd ol' snllieient width. is pel'l'orzlled with oriliees ot'4 the sluipe rind simy ol' the seetion ol' lho hhide so that. otter forming; :i` lool, di' by bending, the. \'.lno erin be threaded through the oriiiee up to the l`ool.\ The groove is eut lo :1` suitzihle sellion as shown in Fig'. 2S) with undercut lll1\ili:lr erooves l'r t. he :issemhled in Fig. lll, the vaines will he held hist by their feel..

Vuriolls lnodilieslious in detilil of' the nlelhod o'l' ollllehment by melius ol' they slringer o ot lxlninnel seeion muy be :ldopled :is lol' example, the end ol" the vaine nun' he enlirged hr' rifelilrg; :md lhe orilil'e need not be l'zlpnhle ol pnssiur the entire .seelion hut onl the thil-k portion of the sel'lion muy he 'l through und :ll'tel'wurds riveled.

n. lill shows :l` further modiliezrtion in whiell lhe shzznks ol the runes nre perlornled. :ind nu :ldditionnl strinlrer si eonsislin;p ol' :i rod is palssed through the holes adler lhe runes here been pilssed lhlougrh the oriliees in the slriog'or strip l'. lloeks sulh ns1' muy heemployed in eomhimltion with the two kinds oll sll'infgers. or the)Y mdr he omitted.

ln lhe exemple shown in Figs. MAST the slulnks r11 ol' the guidedahides er voiles luwing been hi'lllrellted h v the lormzllion of il. groove whieh extends in l'ho direelion otv the width o'iI the shank (lling. Si). instr-:1d ol in the direetion olV its lhiekness :is in lhe prerions exemples, these shrinks lire inserled in slotwzrvs c! formed in :i` slrilrror sl rip (c ol' section :is shown in Fig. Cnli. Mone; the under side ot the strip l.. groove is lormed lenvirnfy two sides e which nre. :idspled to be clenched into two lforresponlling noiilizirv grooves 'for led in therii vlu the enlarged botti. s ,s f., s slidrt lill) Soreading rod o is inserted, thus, by forcing the Shanks into the strip and the strip into the groove, the blades or vanes will be secured by the clenching of a two way bifurcation.

.We claim: l

1. In a turbine, means for securing the guide-blades to the stator, consisting of Shanks Aformed on said blades, a Stringer to which Said Shanks are securedand an undercut groove in the stator in which said Stringer and Shanks are Secured by'deformation of one of Said, elements within said groove.

2. In a turbine, means for securing the vanes to the rotor, consisting of Shanks formed .on Said vanes, a Stringer to which c by deformation of the distance pieces within v Shanks and ldeformation of one o -ing said blades, the apertures in Saidshanks and an undercutl `6. n a turbine, means for Said Shanks are secured and an undercut groove in the rotor in 'which said Stringer and Shanks are Secured by deformation of one of said elements within said groove. A

3. In aturbine, means for securing the guide-blades to the stator, consistin of Shanks formed on said blades, distance pleces Separatin Said blades, aI Stringer ,to which said Shan s are Secured and an undercut groove in the stator in which said Stringer, Shanks and distance ieccs are secured by i'Psaid elements Within said groove.

4. In a turbine, means for Securing the vanes to the rotor 'consisting of Shanks formed on said vanos, distance pieces separating said vanes, a Stringer on which said Shanks are secured andan undercut groove in the rotor in which said Stringer, Shanks and distance pieces are secured by deformation of one of Said elements Within Said groove.

5. In a turbine, means for securing the guide-blades to the stator, consisting of Shanks formed on Said blades, each shank having` an aperture, distance pieces separata Stringer rod inserted within groove" in the stator in which said Stringer rod, Shanks and distanceV pieces are Secured said cove.

Securing the vanas to the rotor, consisting of Shanks formed on said vanes, each shank having an aperture, distance pieces Separating said vanes, a Stringer rod inserted within' the apertures in S'aid Shanks and an undercut groove in the rotor in which said Stringer rod, distance pieces are securedby deformation of the distancepieces Within said groove.. l

f7. n aturbine, means for securing the guide-blades to the stator, consisting of Shanks formed on Said blades, each Shank havingl an aperture, bifurcated `distance pieces separating said blades, a Stringer rod inserted Within 'the 4.apertures in said. Shanks ,and an undercut groove in the stator in which Said Stringer rod, Shanks and distance pieces are secured by deformation of the bifurcated distance pieces within said groove.

8. In a turbine, means for securing the vanes to the rotor, consisting of Shanks formed on said vanes, each shank having an aperture, bilurcated distance pieces separating said vanes, a Stringer rod inserted within the apertures in Said Shanks and an undercut groove in the rotor in which said Stringer rod, Shanks and distance pieces are Secured bydeforination of the bifurcated distance pieces within said groove.

9. In a turbine, means for securing the guide-blades -to the stator, 'consisting of Shanks formed on Said blades, each shank having an aperture `and a tangential' foot, distance pieces separating Said blades, a Stringer rod threaded through the apertures in Said Shanks and an undercut groove in the stator in which said Stringer rod, Shanks and -distance pieces are Secured by `deformation of the distance pieces over-said feet within Said groove.

10. In a turbine, means for Securing the vanes to the rotor,v consisting of Shanks formed on Said venes, each Shank having an aperture and a tangential foot, distance piecesl Separating said vanes, a Stringer rod threaded Vthrough the apertures in Said Shanks and an undercut groove in the rotor in which Said Stringer' rod, Shanks and distance pieces are Secured by deformation of the distance pieces over Said feet within Said groove.

11'. In a turbine, means for Securing the guide-blades to the stator, consisting of Shanks formed on Said blades, each shank having an aperture and a tangential foot, bifurcated distance pieces separating said blades, a Stringer rod threaded through the apertures in said Shanks and an undercut groove in the stator in which said Stringer rod, Shanks and distance pieces are secured by deformationof the bifurcated distance pieces' over Saidfeet within said groove.'

12. In a turbine, means for securing the vanes to the `rotor, consisting of vShanks formed on Said vanes, each shank having an aperture and a tangential foot, bifurcatedV distance pieces separating said vanes, a Stringer rod threaded through the apertures in sald Shanks and an undercut groove in the rotor in which said Stringer rod, Shanks 'and distance pieces are secured by deformation of the bifurcatcd distance pieces over said feet Within Said groove.'

AIn testimony whereof we have Signed' our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER JUDE. REGINALD KEBLE MORCOM. Witnesses:

,ERNEST HARKER, FREDERICK JOHN KxNonIN. 

